Assignment 1
New Media and Society
Introducing Facebook
Taking risky opportunities in youthfull content creation: teenagers’ use of social networking sites for intimacy, privacy and self expression
The explosion in social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Friendster is widely regarded as an exciting opportunity, especially for youth. Young people have always devoted attention to the presentation of self. Friendships have always been made, displayed and broken. Strangers – unknown, weird or frightening – have always hovered on the edge of the group, and often, adult onlookers have been puzzled by youthful peer practices. The recent explosion in online social networking sites such as Facebook MySpace, Twitter, and others has attracted considerable interest from the academy, policymakers, parents and young people themselves. The repeated claim being that something new is taking place. Then, it is distinctive about the youthful construction of self and peer relations. From the user’s viewpoint, more than ever before, using media means creating something as well as receiving. It can be controlled by the user, on mass produced content. Now the language of social relationships is being reframed; today, people construct their ‘profile’, make it ‘public’ or ‘private’, they ‘comment’ or ‘message’ their ‘top friends’ on their ‘wall’, they ‘block’ or ‘add’ people to their network and so forth.
This article combines these perspectives with a child-centred, qualitative methodology in order to explore teenagers’ practices of social networking. In addition it helps to understand the effort of young people to understand social networking sites. It analyse the experiences of young people toward networking practices within an account of the changing conditions of childhood and youth.
This study is about creating identity on social sites like face book and study their social relations. It can be said that online is not only time-intensive, and on occasion risky, but also it can be difficult to manage. This article has come out with “no body gives any stuff away that they are not willing to share”. Which can be used on my research for asking questions to young people that how and to whom they reveal personal information, drawing their own boundaries about what information to post and what to keep off the site, making deliberate choices that match their mode of communication to particular communicative content? This suggests a definition of privacy not tied to the disclosure of certain types of information, rather a definition centred on having control over who knows what about you .study reveals Both the opportunities and risks arise in Facebook because self-actualization is a social process.
By Sonia livingstone, New media society 2008 10:393 DOI: 10.1177/1461444808089415
[Online] Available at: http://nms.sagepub.com/content/10/3/393.full.pdf+html Accessed on: 05-05-2011
‘Looking at’, ‘looking up’ or ‘keeping up with’ people?
Motives and uses of Facebook
Social networking sites such as MySpace, LinkedIn and Facebook have become hugely popular in the last few years. This study is about the uses of those sites. Here the author has urged about ‘Facebook’and the level of users comes from those uses. For the finding the research result has revealed in this study and the gratifications users derive from those uses.
According to this article, social networking sites occupied five of the top fifteen visited websites. On 2007 On July 10, 2007, Facebook.com reported signing up its 30 millionth user, with a year on year increase in unique users of 89%. In the UK, use of Facebook increased by 500% between November 2006 and May 2007. MySpace is reported although disputed to have over 100 million users.
This study had worked with hundreds of users’ generated words or phrases to describe how they used Facebook, and what they enjoyed about their use. And the analysis was don on the basis of social connection, shared identities, content, social investigation, social network surfing and status updating.
And for me the result of this study will be useful to know how and why Facebook motivates people to use Facebook. This study has also analyses to examine the relationship between specific uses and respondents’ reported privacy profile settings. In this study the differing goals for the use of Facebook are reflected not only in usage patterns, but also in users’ privacy settings. People who have made their privacy settings more permissive are more likely to want to meet new people.
Adam N joinson, Online Social Networks, CHI 2008 Proceedings • Online Social Networks April 5-10, 2008 • Florence, Italy
http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/1360000/1357213/p1027-joinson.pdf?key1=1357213&key2=9483074031&coll=DL&dl=ACM&ip=193.62.133.19&CFID=19600198&CFTOKEN=88878226 05-05-2011
Journal of computer- mediated communication
The Benifits of Facebook “friends”: Social Capital and College Students’ Use of Online Network Sites
As we know the Facebook is now a very popular social networking site among young and old. There is no age bar seen among the users of the Facebook. This article has examined the use of facebook and the formation and maintenance of social capital. And the result found was Facebook usage was found to interact with measures of psychological well-being, suggesting that it might provide greater benefits for users experiencing low self-esteem and low life satisfaction.
It has revealed at last that the, Facebook, enables its users to present themselves in an online profile,
Accumulate ‘‘friends’’ who can post comments on each other’s pages, and view each
Other’s profiles. Facebook members can also join virtual groups based on common
Interests, see what classes they have in common, and learn each others’ hobbies,
Interests, musical tastes, and romantic relationship status through the profiles.
It can be useful for my research to find out what kinds of people having social status are using this site. And how much time they spend for facebook each day? And for what? They just sigh up and see the uploaded photos of their friends? Or they sometime upload their own? Or they comment on photos? Walls? Or creat ideas and share? Ask questions and invite friends to answer?
Here I want to share my own small research on this. I asked why you use facebook for?
And the options were, for information, for chatting, for uploading photos and because I have nothing else to do. The result came with, 50% users use facebook for information, 30% person use for chat, 10% person use it for uploading photos and other 10% use facebook because they have nothing to do else.
Now it can be said that these days facebook is very reliable and fast source of information. Because it has one to one and one to many contacts on Facebook.
Nicole B Ellison, Charles Steinfield, Cliff Lampe The Benifits of Facebook “friends”: Social Capital and College Students’ Use of Online Network Sites, Journal of computer- mediated communication
Online version available from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x/pdf 05-05-2011
Imagined Communities: Awareness, Information Sharing, and Privacy on the Facebook
Online Social networking sites such as MySpace, LinkedIn and Facebook have become hugely popular in the last few years .such social networking sites have experienced exponential growth in membership in recent years. These networks offer attractive means for interaction and communication, but also raise privacy and security concerns. In this study there is a representative sample of the members of the Facebook (a social network for colleges and high schools) at a US academic institution, and compare the survey data to information retrieved from the network itself.
Millions of people have joined social networking sites, adding profiles that reveal personal information. This study has experienced the behavioral differences between the communities of the network’s members and non-members and the study analyzes the privacy concerns on members’ behaviour, attitude with actual behaviour. And it shows an individual’s privacy concerns are only a weak predictor of Anyone’s membership to the network which will be helpful to analyze the changes in behaviour subsequent to privacy-related information which member can exposure through facebook. Even the person who is concerned about their privacy, they also join the network and reveal great amount of information. In this case some manage their privacy concern with trusting other people and sometime hiding real information from other members.
Although these kind of networks are offering very new opportunities for interaction to their network members which attract non users and to be users.
Hundred and millions of people whether it is knowingly and willingly they use social network sites like facebook , myspace, twitter and any other, no matter how old they are and what geography they belongs to. And they reveal their personal information to strangers. It can be used to analyse how trustable is Facebook ?
A Acquisti and R. Gross. Imagined Communities: Awareness, Information Sharing and Privacy on the Facebook, 2006
Social networks and social influences in adolescence
This book describes about the relation between the adolescence and social networks. And as the effects of these social networks how adolescence react on others like how they shy, react and comment being aggressive and antisocial. This book has devided itself into 3 parts.
First part describes about social ties among various peer group. It explains the nature of friendship and peer relations as central point. In this section there is peer group structure and group life which shows the characteristic of youngsters in total amount of time spent in public places.
Second portion explores young people’s behaviour in social environment and their behavioural implications. Means how they involve to the society as an individual, and influence the society.
Sometimes the influence of peers is beneficial to the society. Social influences are linked to assumption about friendship, ties and group affiliation and notion of group norms and social frames of reference. Though the individual is not entirely a free agent to make a social relationships which influences, beliefs, attitude and behaviour. This kind of social network expressed in schools and organised groups when it seeks to operate as supportive environment for the socio –development of young people. From a social identity perspective, the establishment of ties between participants in an organised group provoke the development of a group consciousness, which strengthens into membership loyalties. It can be said that, by this the individual becomes bonded into the social club or organization.
And the third part describes how professionals can support young people in building social attachments in various communities. Here writer has referred an identity as the person’s sense of self definition in relation to others whom, they like in some ways and dislike in other ways. It helps to find out the sense of personal identity which is major social task for young people. This offer member’s positive ways to interact, important events to share and ways to resolve them positively, opportunities to honour, to invest in the community and to experience a spiritual bond among members.
John Cotterell, “Social networks and social influences in adolescence” Book no 305.235 COT
Identity Management: Multiple Presentations of Self in Facebook
Nowadays the use of social networking websites becomes increasingly common, the types of social relationships managed on these sites are becoming more numerous and diverse.
This research seeks to gain an understanding of the issues related to managing different social networks through one system, in particular looking at how users of these systems present themselves when they are using one site to keep in contact with both their past social groups from school or universities and their current social connections in the workplace.
This research has done an interview and revealed how users manage self-presentation while maintaining social relationships in heterogeneous networks. These sites allow for users to generate lists of individuals they know and use the sites to share messages, photos, and other media with each other. These sites have expanded and generated broader appeal, and as the users of these sites have transitioned between life stages and expanded their number of social connections. These sites are now assisting users in maintaining numerous social networks and diverse social relationships. For example anyone can make different groups on facebook and share the information. This make easy to appear one person to different arena and exchange their views. The study also shows the face book is very popular amongst college-aged students because more than 80% have registered to profile page of Facebook.
Therefore it can be said that the online society may be adopted enthusiastically because it always represents their space, which is visible to their peer group and it is safe to conduct the social psychological task of the adolescence.
Joan Morris DiMicco, David R. Millen “Identity Management: Multiple Presentations of Self in Facebook”
IBM T.J. Watson Research
One Rogers Street Cambridge, MA 02139 US
Online available from http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/1320000/1316682/p383-dimicco.pdf?key1=1316682&key2=1514074031&coll=DL&dl=ACM&ip=193.62.133.19&CFID=19600198&CFTOKEN=88878226 05-05-2011
Saving Facebook
The Article written by James Grimmelmann provides the first comprehensive analysis of the law and policy of
privacy on social network sites, using Facebook as its principal example. It describes law and policy of privacy on social network
ing site. People post several risky demonstrations on their site then that will be copied by other users. Author has given an exam
ple of ghost ride whip association and the demise of 2 people. It is clearly stated that policy makers cannot prevent or stop such violence which harm its users but they can guide users to use it safely. There should not be wrong evaluation and interventions on people’s privacy matters but sometime it is necessary because such things do engage with social dynamics. Here we can take an example of an article written by Emma Justice published on The Times magazine on September 15, 2007. She wrote the painful story of Stephanie Painter whose death was swift and painless. At 9.10pm on February 11 Stephanie bid her 121 Facebook friends, goodbye with one last “poke” (mood: sorrowful), then left the virtual world peacefully with a quick click of the mouse. It was hard to kill the profile she had spent so long creating, but she felt it was the only way out because “Facebook was damaging her relationship with her boyfriend to such an extent that if she hadn’t done it they couldn’t be together. And she did facebook suicide which was the end of her virtual life. Policymakers just cannot bans on underage users but can do potentially helpful interventions such as why and how people use social networks and make such policies and can response to such obvious risky behaviours. Thus it can be said that to minimize risk we need to go through social and psychological analysis finding out what motivates Facebook users? Why so they went wrong? For this policy makers can do technical controls which can monitor users’ behaviours.
James Grimmelman2009, ‘saving facebook’, 94 IOWA LAW REVIEWOnline available from http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1019&context=james_grimmelmann 05-05-2011
Facebook and Philosophy: What's on Your Mind?
This book is about facebook unitilizing . A variety of philosophical perspectives. It describes about facebook and what does it means in our life and relationship. It raise some questions, does facebook omit privacy between each users? Do we care each other? more than other who doesnot use facebook. This book “facebook and philoshopy” is worth reading for everyone who are involved in facebook or any other social network sites.
The things happen on facebook are sometime meaningless but when we get our collective hand on it then it will have meaning. Many of our facebook actions are like this, they might see to mean nothing. For example “poke”, What we want to communicate? It can be non verbal ‘hello’; it can be flirtatious and sometime just reminder. Every single thing we do in facebook is social interaction and it gives worthy meaning, for example if someone beats someone on facebook game then other will take it as serious challenge. That’s why we choose whom we present ourselves which will give authentic relationships and authentic communities. We are more free in facebook and can create our own meaning whatever we do in facebook, but george WF Hegal was cited by the author saying”freedom is not simply doing whatever youu wish”. Human lives are never lived alone and so many true from human freedom must be about coosing and taking action along with others. Author has urged facebook itself is bunch of people, both known and unknown, whom we worked, met or not. People are sometime difficult and frustrating, so some loves facebook and some hate but we each have the facebook and we deserve. It can be conclude saying, “whatever we do and whatever happens infacebook that always have meanig.
D. E. Wittkower facebook and pholoshopy, “Facebook and Philosophy: What's on Your Mind?”
Online available from http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=290I3uyqx2IC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false 05-05-2011
Dynamics of facebook
Facebook has facility of 68 different language, from afrikaans to malayalam. It has different operations.which are
Facebook mobiles – which means you can do facebook texts and other mobile applications according to your mobile brand and model after looging in. http://www.facebook.com/mobile/?ref=pf
Find friends – you can find friends , who are on yahoo, skype, aol, btinternet, window messanger and other email services http://www.facebook.com/find-friends?ref=pf
Facebook mobile – it gives you oppertunity to share anywhere on the web, which support to share your fb information on other web sites, your favorite pages on your web sites or blog, your fb photos on other web sites and many more. http://www.facebook.com/badges/?ref=pf
Facebook people- it helps you to connect and share with the people in your life. It provides you directory of fb users so that you can easily connect with them. http://www.facebook.com/directory/people/U
Facebook pages- it gives you chance to create pages of your Bands, Businesses, Restaurants, Brands and Celebrities can create Pages in order to connect with their fans and customers on Facebook . http://www.facebook.com/directory/pages/
Facebook about – you will know everythig in youe facebook circle http://www.facebook.com/facebook
Facebook advertising – it gives you oppertunity to Reach Your Target Customers, Deepen Your Relationships and Control Your Budget.
http://www.facebook.com/advertising/?campaign_id=402047449186&placement=pflo&extra_1=0
facebook create page http://www.facebook.com/pages/create.php?ref_type=sitefooter
facebook developers this is Facebook's powerful APIs enable you to create social experiences to drive growth and engagement on your web site.http://developers.facebook.com/?ref=pf
facebook careers http://www.facebook.com/careers/?ref=pf
facebook privacy http://www.facebook.com/privacy/explanation.php
facebook terms – it includes Statement of Rights and Responsibilities, Privacy, Sharing Your Content and Information, Safety, Registration and Account Security, Protecting Other People's Rights, Mobile , Payments and Deals , Special Provisions Applicable to Share Links , Special Provisions Applicable to Developers/Operators of Applications and Websites , About Advertisements and Other Commercial Content Served or Enhanced by Facebook, Special Provisions Applicable to Advertisers , Special Provisions Applicable to Pages, Termination, Disputes , Special Provisions Applicable to Users Outside the United States, Definitions , and other including different terms and conditions. http://www.facebook.com/privacy/explanation.php
facebook helps- yopu can find the solution of your question here. For example How do I change the access level of someone? Or How do I invite friends to upgrade to the new Messages? http://www.facebook.com/help/?ref=pf
Research done by Myself
Assignment 2
Facebook - Virtual Fantasy
Introduction
The Facebook.com was launched on February 4, 2004 by Harvard psychology student Mark Zuckerberg. Facebook is one of the most popular means of social networking among almost all networking sites.
Facebook connects you with the people you know and care about. It enables you to communicate, stay up to date and keep touch with family and friend everywhere and anytime. Facebook is forever evolving, with the goal of improved user interaction. (Pearlman & Abram, 2010). Facebook allows users to connect to others by sharing pictures, blogs, videos, interests and more. The explosion in social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, and Friendster is widely regarded as an exciting opportunity to all. But Young people have always devoted attention to the presentation of self. Friendships have always been made, displayed and broken. Strangers – unknown, weird or frightening – have always hovered on the edge of the group, and often, adult onlookers have been puzzled by youthful peer practices new media and society. (Sonia Livingstone, 2008)
Self presentation on Facebook
It is also known as a social book marking web sites, allowing you to keep your favourite websites in one place as well as your friends. Another brilliant idea only incorporated by facebook is the friends in an instant, allowing you to connect to friends. These days facebook is seems to be the most important site for everyone. It is the first job to register in Facebook. And which is a lifetime experience for everyone. The passion and the commitment and so many other things about facebook are unique, even in Silicon Valley. (Baloun, 2006:8). The Facebook becomes the ambassador of the self to the world, revealing curtail facets to itself to some , withholding them for others and so on. So it can be said that the face modulates presentation of the self in a way that’s responsive to context and circumstances. (Thalos, 2010:78)
According to Morris & et al (2007), users manage self-presentation while maintaining social relationships in heterogeneous networks. These sites allow for users to generate lists of individuals they know and use the sites to share messages, photos, and other media with each other. These sites have expanded and generated broader appeal, and as the users of these sites have transitioned between life stages and expanded their number of social connections. These sites are now assisting users in maintaining numerous social networks and diverse social relationships. For example anyone can make different groups on facebook and share the information.
Privacy is essential but safety is presumed
As Baloun (2006:80), urged, ‘privacy is essential but safety is presumed’. Many people believe that facebook is dangerous for users because of the amount of information that you reveal through the site. For many, a large part of this time is spent in Facebook. People give up huge parts of their privacy when they post their feelings, interests, and ideas online, and society seems to be becoming much more open to this lack of privacy, in fact, the users of Facebook seem to relish it, adding very personal items to their profiles that anyone who becomes their friend can view. This seems to say that our society is much more open now, and much more open to posting intimate information online, but it also is rather anonymous in a way, because users never see, meet, or touch the person they communicate with, and so, even though they know intimate details, they do not really know the person at all. It can be said Facebook is kind of a "fantasy land".
People who have made their privacy settings more permissive are more likely to want to meet new people (Joinson, 2008). Facebook, Facebook and everywhere Facebook. Facebook has already changed so many lives, so many relationships; it has become an integral part of everyone’s life. Here let’s take an example of Mona Rivera who has reconnected with her dad after 39 years. All her life, the only thing Danielle Petratos had of her father was a single photograph. After nearly four decades, she has more than just a picture. Danielle and her dad, John Watson, are together again - thanks to Facebook! This is the story published in CBS New York on October 21, 2010. These days facebook is very reliable and fast source of information. Because it has one to one and one to many contacts on facebook. (Ellison, & et al, 2007). Hundred and millions of people whether it is knowingly and willingly they use social network sites like Facebook , MySpace, Twitter and any other, no matter how old they are and what geography they belongs to. And they reveal their personal information to strangers.
Real relationships
Facebook has social utility because it starts with real people and real relationship (Feiler 2008 :4) where people communicate, join groups, share information , upload photos, share and invite to events and classified ads and many more. Facebook is nothing more than a medium for communication, and yet, it is so much more than that. At a glance, a user can learn everything from what gender a Facebook member is, to what religion they believe in, what school they attend, and their likes and dislikes, all with the click of a mouse. Facebook has become a phenomenon for the social networking set, and what makes that so amazing is that Facebook did not even exist until 2004. It allows people who probably never would have met each other in person to communicate, it creates new relationships and friendships, and it places distance between people who could communicate in person but instead choose to communicate online, instead. It is just another element of society that is interested in sharing information with the intimacy of a close, personal relationship.
The things sometimes happen in facebook are meaningless to one and for other it has a great value. Facebook has several philosophical perspectives. It describes about facebook and what does it means in our life and relationship. For example “poke”, it sometime communicate non verbal ‘hello’, but for someone poke can be flirtatious and sometime just reminder another example of beating on games, if someone beats someone on facebook game then other will take it as serious challenge. It can be conclude saying, “whatever we do and whatever happens” in facebook that always have meaningful (Wittkower, 2010).
Virtual suicide
People post several risky demonstrations on their site then that will be copied by other users. We can take an example of an example of ghost ride whip association and the sad demise of 2 people. The policy makers of facebook policy makers cannot prevent or stop such violence which harms its users but they can guide users to use it safely. Because the policy of facebook and interventions on people’s privacy matters but sometime it is necessary because such things do engage with social dynamics. (Grimmelmann, 2009) Here we can take an example of an article written by Emma Justice published on The Times magazine on September 15, 2007. She wrote the painful story of Stephanie Painter whose death was swift and painless. At 9.10pm on February 11 Stephanie bid her 121 Facebook friends, goodbye with one last “poke” (mood: sorrowful), then left the virtual world peacefully with a quick click of the mouse. It was hard to kill the profile she had spent so long creating, but she felt it was the only way out because “Facebook was damaging her relationship with her boyfriend to such an extent that if she hadn’t done it they couldn’t be together. And she did facebook suicide which was the end of her virtual life. Policymakers just cannot bans on underage users but can do potentially helpful interventions such as why and how people use social networks and make such policies and can response to such obvious risky behaviours. Thus it can be said that to minimize risk we need to go through social and psychological analysis finding out what motivates Facebook users? Why so they went wrong? For this policy makers can do technical controls which can monitor users’ behaviours. (Grimmelman, 2009)
Conclusion
There is nothing more versatile & more powerful in social interactions than a face. Similarly facebook can be taken as a medium for social interaction. The other part that can not be neglected is games. Numerous users are fun of games in Facebook .The number of games which are also intended to serve educational purpose. Facebook can be said a visual scrapbook of friends from the present past and future (Sarachan, 2010).
It can be conclude with, Facebook is an online environment in which various platform can be used, regardless your age, sex, geography and interest.
Bibliography
1. A. Acquisti and R. Gross. Imagined Communities: Awareness, Information Sharing and Privacy on the Facebook, 2006. [Online] Available at:
http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&q=Imagined+Communities%3A+Awareness%2C+Information+Sharing%2C+and+Privacy+on+the+Facebook&btnG=Search&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=&as_vis=1 Accessed on 14-05-2011
2. Adam N Joinson, Online Social Networks, CHI 2008 Proceedings • Online Social Networks April 5-10, 2008 • Florence, Italy. [Online] Available at:
http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/1360000/1357213/p1027-joinson.pdf?key1=1357213&key2=9483074031&coll=DL&dl=ACM&ip=193.62.133.19&CFID=19600198&CFTOKEN=88878226 Accessed on 14-05-2011
3. D. E. Wittkower, 2010, ‘Facebook and Philosophy: What's on Your Mind?’, Facebook and philosophy, ISBN- 978-0-8126-96755-2. [Online] available at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=290I3uyqx2IC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed on 14-05-2011
4. Editors of Bottletree Books LLC, 2007, ‘Explode Your Popularity, Secure Your Privacy and Buzz your band on facebook’, Facebook Fanatic, ISBN 978-1-933-747-06-4. [Online] Available at:
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7yKq7X32ZhAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=facebook&hl=en&ei=7xDNTdadGMfDswaG_umtCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&sqi=2&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed on 14-05-2011
5. Emiliano Trerè, 2008, ‘Privacy and Facebook: Reflections on past, present and future research’, mobile communication and the ethics of social networking ,
Budapest 2008 Conference. [Online] Available at:
http://www.mobilkutatas.t-mobile.hu/2008/Preproceedings.pdf#page=312 Accessed on 14-05-2011
6. John Cotterell, “Social networks and social influences in adolescence” Book no 305.235 COT ISBN 0415109744
7. James Grimmelman2009, ‘saving facebook’, 94 IOWA LAW REVIEW
[Online] available at: http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1019&context=james_grimmelmann . Accessed on 05-05-2011
8. Joan Morris, DiMicco, David R. Millen, 2007, ‘Identity Management: Multiple Presentations of Self in Facebook’, IBM T.J. Watson Research
One Rogers Street Cambridge, MA 02139 US ISBN: 978-1-59593-845-9
[Online] available at http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/1320000/1316682/p383-dimicco.pdf?key1=1316682&key2=1514074031&coll=DL&dl=ACM&ip=193.62.133.19&CFID=19600198&CFTOKEN=88878226 Accessed on 05-05-2011
9. Jessie Feiler, 2008 ‘how to do everything: facebook’. How to do everything, publisher McGraw-Hill Professional, 2008 ISBN number 978-0-07-154967-7. [Online] Available at:
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GRl8KPz3djUC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed on 14-05-2011.
10. Karel M Baloun 2005-2006 Inside facebook ISBN- 0-9791421-0-5
[Online] Available at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ocxve73dUHsC&pg=PA22&dq=facebook&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed on 14-05-2011
11. Leah Pearlman & Carolyn Abram, 2010, Facebook for dummies. [Online] Available at: http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=to4Ls5CyKWQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=facebook&hl=en&ei=7xDNTdadGMfDswaG_umtCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&sqi=2&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed on 14-05-2011
12. Mariam Thalos, 2010, ‘ why i m not a friend’, facebook and philosophy’, Edited by D E Wittkower, ISBN 9780812696752
13. Nicole B Ellison, Charles Steinfield, Cliff Lampe, 2007, ‘The Benifits of Facebook “friends”: Social Capital and College Students’, Use of Online Network Sites, Journal of computer- mediated communication, 1144 Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 12 (2007) 1143–1168 ª 2007 International Communication Association. [Online] Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x/pdf 05-05-2011 Accessed on 14-05-2011
14. Pramod K. Nayar , 2010, ‘The New Media and Cybercultures Anthology’ , ISBN no 978-1-4051-8167-9. [Online] Available at:
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lRlGrA5joxIC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed on 14-05-2011
15. Sonia livingstone, New media society 2008, DOI: 10.1177/1461444808089415
[Online] Available at: http://nms.sagepub.com/content/10/3/393.full.pdf+html Accessed on 14-05-2011.
16. Tracy Mitrano Thoughts on Facebook, Director of IT Policy and Computer Policy & Law Program, Cornell University, April, 2006. [Online] Available at: http://www.cit.cornell.edu/policies/socialnetworking/facebook.cfm Accessed on 14-05-2011.
Comments:
Assignment 3
Facebook comments on others.
I have chosen to comment on:
1. Impacts of social media on political awareness in Nigeria: A casebook of BBC Hausa Facebook by Umar Lawal. (student number 1020851)
2. Computer Games by K.D.Sakkunthala Panditharathne.(Student No: 0926295)
3. History and Development of Internet, Han Yang（Student Number，1023230）
Please refer their wiki pages (comments) for further information.
[[==]]
I think that there is an interesting issue about privacy on Facebook. Whilst some academics (lyon, 2007. Gavison, 1995) do agree that privacy is an issue for users of any products, other researchers have shown that this is often just not the case.
When it comes to privacy issues, many theorists go straight for Foucault (1977) and express that feelings towards privacy are simply disciplined into the user. Some will even quote Althusser’s (1984) “interpellation” , possibly because privacy is often so closely linked with surveillance, in the sense that privacy can be defined as the control of information, and surveillance as the monitoring of information.
Privacy is rarely considered as something to be embraced, and is often considered as a knee jerk negative reaction towards an organiasation. But once delving deeper and reading theorists such as Rachels (Unknown) would argue towards a situation where there is relationship building between the user and the organisation which sees privacy become something more than a negative.
My own personal research used the philosophies of Karl Popper (1957, 1985), which argue that in a free society there is the ability to rationalise your feelings towards an organisation. This would mean that if the user were to be in a situation where they are having o give information away to an organisation that they do not feel represents freedom (Such as to a dictator lead government) then they will take automatic issue with their own privacy. It is when the use is free to make their own decisions that they start to give away pieces of information about themselves, but they will only do this if they feel that they are getting something in return.
What this could mean is that when it comes to Facebook, the user is trading their personal information in order to use the social network. The user will take an issue with privacy when they do not feel that they are getting enough in return.
[[==/]]
Althusser, L (1984) Cited in McGrath, J (2004) Loving big brother – Performance, Privacy and surveillance space. Oxford, Routledge.
Foucault, M (1977) Discipline and Punish. London, Penguin Books.
Gavison, R (1995) Privacy and the limits of the law: Computer ethics, and social values, Johnson, D & Nissenbaum, H eds., Freeman. San Francisco.
Lyon, d (2001) Surveillance society: Monitoring everyday life. Buckingham, Open University Press.
Rachels, (UNKNOWN) Cited in Johnson, D (2001) Computer ethics. 3rd edition. New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
Popper (1957) The Poverty of Historicism. London, Routledge.
Popper, K (1985) Popper Selections. Miller, D (Editor) Princeton, Princeton University Press.
In this article it is discussed the importance and uses of face book. From the first book it says about it says about the social relationship and states that it is a more open media to communicate ideas of all without considering the age of a person.
In the second book it is described as to how people are motivated when using the face book. From the other books referred for the assignment, it is discussed how to maintain social capital and the improvements of the face book in different limitations of time, the contribution of the face book for adults and social net work, law of policy on network sites, philosophical prospectus of face book, the opportunity of using different languages in the face book, etc;
By this the student is capable of giving a good and very clear explanation which is stated logically from the beginning to the end with regard to this topic.
Facebook
…Facebook…
Facebook. so much debate is going on this social networking website.
Now Facebook is like an addiction. But on the other hand side everyone is using this website and feeling worried about the privacy issue as well.
The question is why!
Because of so many reasons, some of the people and researcher believes that the facebook is selling the personal information to third parties.
And they are making huge amount of money beaucse facebook is nothing without our faces. Putting all your information what you like, what you don't like it's very easy to approach you as online advertiser. Your every single information facebook is saved
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/world_news_america/8709170.stm
Moreover there are so many privacy setting option, but it's hard to do so many things. When you have so many options then it's hard to find out the better one as well.
Lots of channel and other media answering this question with facebook user and with the top level of staff as well. I would like to add some of the debate and conversation which is going on different news channel.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/8685190.stm
Facebook is now facing this kind of privacy issue problems but they are trying to satisfy there customer that they are not selling their personal information to third parties. But researcher believes they are selling and getting money. Now the question that they are selling personal information .For example once you sign in facebook account you type your all details and you’re like dislike after that they link with these information with online advertising website. after that they can easily sent you messages about promotional activities, New products and etc.Like now a days you can see on the right hand side of facebook page they are showing so many ads. and if you remove the button it will ask you question. Like are you not interested or what so….
So there are many ways but the things is you bothered these things or not. You care about these things or not. Because this is a long debate why because people are still using facebook and keep talking about the security issue as well…
Facebook is just less than a decade; however, it has become a beacon that both old and young aspire to be connected with. Millions of members around the globe are connected and more are connecting every day. This surge on one hand holds opportunities and benefits to the members, while on the other hand, this development pose threats and implications not only to the members per se, but the society in general. The most significant issues to consider on the implication of the use of Facebook include control and privacy. It is indeed pertinent to note that privacy issue on Facebook needs to be addressed, like the essay notes that members indiscriminately post their personal profiles which are easily accessible by anybody across the globe. Likewise this extends to public sphere whereby this social forum may be an avenue of political character “assassination.”
Introduction
The Facebook.com was launched on February 4, 2004 by Harvard psychology student Mark Zuckerberg. Facebook is one of the most popular means of social networking among almost all networking sites.
Facebook connects you with the people you know and care about. It enables you to communicate, stay up to date and keep touch with family and friend everywhere and anytime. Facebook is forever evolving, with the goal of improved user interaction. (Pearlman & Abram, 2010). Facebook allows users to connect to others by sharing pictures, blogs, videos, interests and more. The explosion in social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, and Friendster is widely regarded as an exciting opportunity to all. But Young people have always devoted attention to the presentation of self. Friendships have always been made, displayed and broken. Strangers – unknown, weird or frightening – have always hovered on the edge of the group, and often, adult onlookers have been puzzled by youthful peer practices new media and society. (Sonia Livingstone, 2008)
Self presentation on Facebook
It is also known as a social book marking web sites, allowing you to keep your favourite websites in one place as well as your friends. Another brilliant idea only incorporated by facebook is the friends in an instant, allowing you to connect to friends. These days facebook is seems to be the most important site for everyone. It is the first job to register in Facebook. And which is a lifetime experience for everyone. The passion and the commitment and so many other things about facebook are unique, even in Silicon Valley. (Baloun, 2006:8). The Facebook becomes the ambassador of the self to the world, revealing curtail facets to itself to some , withholding them for others and so on. So it can be said that the face modulates presentation of the self in a way that’s responsive to context and circumstances. (Thalos, 2010:78)
According to Morris & et al (2007), users manage self-presentation while maintaining social relationships in heterogeneous networks. These sites allow for users to generate lists of individuals they know and use the sites to share messages, photos, and other media with each other. These sites have expanded and generated broader appeal, and as the users of these sites have transitioned between life stages and expanded their number of social connections. These sites are now assisting users in maintaining numerous social networks and diverse social relationships. For example anyone can make different groups on facebook and share the information.
Privacy is essential but safety is presumed
As Baloun (2006:80), urged, ‘privacy is essential but safety is presumed’. Many people believe that facebook is dangerous for users because of the amount of information that you reveal through the site. For many, a large part of this time is spent in Facebook. People give up huge parts of their privacy when they post their feelings, interests, and ideas online, and society seems to be becoming much more open to this lack of privacy, in fact, the users of Facebook seem to relish it, adding very personal items to their profiles that anyone who becomes their friend can view. This seems to say that our society is much more open now, and much more open to posting intimate information online, but it also is rather anonymous in a way, because users never see, meet, or touch the person they communicate with, and so, even though they know intimate details, they do not really know the person at all. It can be said Facebook is kind of a "fantasy land".
People who have made their privacy settings more permissive are more likely to want to meet new people (Joinson, 2008). Facebook, Facebook and everywhere Facebook. Facebook has already changed so many lives, so many relationships; it has become an integral part of everyone’s life. Here let’s take an example of Mona Rivera who has reconnected with her dad after 39 years. All her life, the only thing Danielle Petratos had of her father was a single photograph. After nearly four decades, she has more than just a picture. Danielle and her dad, John Watson, are together again - thanks to Facebook! This is the story published in CBS New York on October 21, 2010. These days facebook is very reliable and fast source of information. Because it has one to one and one to many contacts on facebook. (Ellison, & et al, 2007). Hundred and millions of people whether it is knowingly and willingly they use social network sites like Facebook , MySpace, Twitter and any other, no matter how old they are and what geography they belongs to. And they reveal their personal information to strangers.
Real relationships
Facebook has social utility because it starts with real people and real relationship (Feiler 2008 :4) where people communicate, join groups, share information , upload photos, share and invite to events and classified ads and many more. Facebook is nothing more than a medium for communication, and yet, it is so much more than that. At a glance, a user can learn everything from what gender a Facebook member is, to what religion they believe in, what school they attend, and their likes and dislikes, all with the click of a mouse. Facebook has become a phenomenon for the social networking set, and what makes that so amazing is that Facebook did not even exist until 2004. It allows people who probably never would have met each other in person to communicate, it creates new relationships and friendships, and it places distance between people who could communicate in person but instead choose to communicate online, instead. It is just another element of society that is interested in sharing information with the intimacy of a close, personal relationship.
The things sometimes happen in facebook are meaningless to one and for other it has a great value. Facebook has several philosophical perspectives. It describes about facebook and what does it means in our life and relationship. For example “poke”, it sometime communicate non verbal ‘hello’, but for someone poke can be flirtatious and sometime just reminder another example of beating on games, if someone beats someone on facebook game then other will take it as serious challenge. It can be conclude saying, “whatever we do and whatever happens” in facebook that always have meaningful (Wittkower, 2010).
Virtual suicide
People post several risky demonstrations on their site then that will be copied by other users. We can take an example of an example of ghost ride whip association and the sad demise of 2 people. The policy makers of facebook policy makers cannot prevent or stop such violence which harms its users but they can guide users to use it safely. Because the policy of facebook and interventions on people’s privacy matters but sometime it is necessary because such things do engage with social dynamics. (Grimmelmann, 2009) Here we can take an example of an article written by Emma Justice published on The Times magazine on September 15, 2007. She wrote the painful story of Stephanie Painter whose death was swift and painless. At 9.10pm on February 11 Stephanie bid her 121 Facebook friends, goodbye with one last “poke” (mood: sorrowful), then left the virtual world peacefully with a quick click of the mouse. It was hard to kill the profile she had spent so long creating, but she felt it was the only way out because “Facebook was damaging her relationship with her boyfriend to such an extent that if she hadn’t done it they couldn’t be together. And she did facebook suicide which was the end of her virtual life. Policymakers just cannot bans on underage users but can do potentially helpful interventions such as why and how people use social networks and make such policies and can response to such obvious risky behaviours. Thus it can be said that to minimize risk we need to go through social and psychological analysis finding out what motivates Facebook users? Why so they went wrong? For this policy makers can do technical controls which can monitor users’ behaviours. (Grimmelman, 2009)
Conclusion
There is nothing more versatile & more powerful in social interactions than a face. And facebook can be taken as a medium for social interaction. The other part that can not be neglected is games. Numerous users are fun of games in Facebook .The number of games which are also intended to serve educational purpose. Facebook can be said a visual scrapbook of friends from the present past and future (Sarachan, 2010).
It can be conclude with, Facebook is an online environment in which various platform can be used, regardless your age, sex, geography and interest.
Facebook is one of the best way to interact with the other people in anywhere in the world as the work done by my good friend is really good. In the above work every point of view regarding Facebook is there.
positive aspects of Facebook are more then the negative ones.
social networking is one aspect bad the latest and good way of usage is the link between the people in any mean of life like regarding job, business, education, any aspect of life Facebook allows a person from any region sex and age to interact with anyone anywhere in the world any social site is good but bad aspects are there but Facebook limits these kind of worries by giving the opportunities to users that if they want to put privacy they can so for life and interacting with other people Facebook is a good way.
This wiki covered very important information about facebook. People spend most of their time on face and share their views, interest and personal information and personal data like photos, video etc. It becomes easy to judge someone personality through Face book, but sometimes personal information is exposed to strangers as well.
As discussed on this wiki this social network also have some drawbacks like it is used for politics and some risky kind of demonstration but the policy maker of facebook can’t stop it.
Face to face communication are becoming are weaker due to emerging of these social networks.